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  1. Calpains are calcium regulated intracellular cysteine proteases implicated in a variety of physiological functions and pathological conditions. The Drosophila melanogaster genome contains only two genes, CalpA an...

    Authors: Endre Kókai, Ferencz Sándor Páldy, Kálmán Somogyi, Anil Chougule, Margit Pál, Éva Kerekes, Péter Deák, Péter Friedrich, Viktor Dombrádi and Géza Ádám

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2012 12:20

    Content type: Research article

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  2. The peptidylarginine deiminases (PADIs) convert positively charged arginine residues to neutrally charged citrulline on protein substrates in a process that is known as citrullination or deimination. Previous ...

    Authors: Rui Kan, Mei Jin, Venkataraman Subramanian, Corey P Causey, Paul R Thompson and Scott A Coonrod

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2012 12:19

    Content type: Research article

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  3. To facilitate the in vivo study of esophageal (stem) cell biology in homeostasis and cancer, novel mouse models are necessary to elicit expression of candidate genes in a tissue-specific and inducible fashion. To...

    Authors: Sabrina Roth, Patrick Franken, Kim Monkhorst, John Kong a San and Riccardo Fodde

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2012 12:18

    Content type: Methodology article

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  4. Wnts are a family of secreted signaling molecules involved in a number of developmental processes including the establishment of cell fate, polarity and proliferation. Recent studies also implicate wnts in epi...

    Authors: Macalister Usongo and Riaz Farookhi

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2012 12:17

    Content type: Research article

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  5. Histone deacetylase-4 (Hdac4) is a class II histone deacetylase that inhibits the activity of transcription factors. In humans, HDAC4 deficiency is associated with non-syndromic oral clefts and brachydactyly m...

    Authors: April DeLaurier, Yukio Nakamura, Ingo Braasch, Vishesh Khanna, Hiroyuki Kato, Shigeyuki Wakitani, John H Postlethwait and Charles B Kimmel

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2012 12:16

    Content type: Research article

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  6. A hallmark of Drosophila segmentation is the stepwise subdivision of the body into smaller and smaller units, and finally into the segments. This is achieved by the function of the well-understood segmentation ge...

    Authors: Ralf Janssen, Wim G M Damen and Graham E Budd

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2012 12:15

    Content type: Research article

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  7. A metamorphic life-history is present in the majority of animal phyla. This developmental mode is particularly prominent among marine invertebrates with a bentho-planktonic life cycle, where a pelagic larval f...

    Authors: Josh Sutherby, Jamie-Lee Giardini, Julia Nguyen, Gary Wessel, Mariana Leguia and Andreas Heyland

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2012 12:14

    Content type: Research article

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    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Developmental Biology 2013 13:30

  8. The mammary gland is key to all mammal species; in particular in multiparous species like pigs the number and the shape of functional mammary gland complexes are major determinants of fitness. Accordingly, we ...

    Authors: Kunsuda Chomwisarutkun, Eduard Murani, Siriluck Ponsuksili and Klaus Wimmers

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2012 12:13

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Folic acid supplementation reduces the risk of neural tube defects and congenital heart defects. The biological mechanisms through which folate prevents birth defects are not well understood. We explore the us...

    Authors: Marina S Lee, Jenna R Bonner, David J Bernard, Erica L Sanchez, Eric T Sause, R Reid Prentice, Shawn M Burgess and Lawrence C Brody

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2012 12:12

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Among the four major bilaterian clades, Deuterostomia, Acoelomorpha, Ecdysozoa, and Lophotrochozoa, the latter shows an astonishing diversity of bodyplans. While the largest lophotrochozoan assemblage, the Spi...

    Authors: Julia Merkel, Tim Wollesen, Bernhard Lieb and Andreas Wanninger

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2012 12:11

    Content type: Research article

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  11. During early stages of brain development, secreted molecules, components of intracellular signaling pathways and transcriptional regulators act in positive and negative feed-back or feed-forward loops at the m...

    Authors: Zsuzsa Agoston, Naixin Li, Anja Haslinger, Andrea Wizenmann and Dorothea Schulte

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2012 12:10

    Content type: Research article

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  12. Mammals are not able to restore lost appendages, while many amphibians are. One important question about epimorphic regeneration is related to the origin of the new tissues and whether they come from mature ce...

    Authors: Alexandre Miguel Cavaco Rodrigues, Bea Christen, Mercé Martí and Juan Carlos Izpisúa Belmonte

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2012 12:9

    Content type: Research article

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  13. The formation of a tubular organ, such as the heart, requires the communication of positional and polarity signals between migratory cells. Key to this process is the establishment of a new luminal domain on t...

    Authors: Jessica Vanderploeg, L Lourdes Vazquez Paz, Allison MacMullin and J Roger Jacobs

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2012 12:8

    Content type: Research article

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  14. Multipotent stem cells have been successfully isolated from various tissues and are currently utilized for tissue-engineering and cell-based therapies. Among the many sources, skin has recently emerged as an a...

    Authors: Radhakrishnan Vishnubalaji, Muthurangan Manikandan, May Al-Nbaheen, Balamuthu Kadalmani, Abdullah Aldahmash and Nehad M Alajez

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2012 12:7

    Content type: Research article

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  15. Because of the structural and molecular similarities between the two systems, the lateral line, a fish and amphibian specific sensory organ, has been widely used in zebrafish as a model to study the developmen...

    Authors: Martine Behra, Viviana E Gallardo, John Bradsher, Aranza Torrado, Abdel Elkahloun, Jennifer Idol, Jessica Sheehy, Seth Zonies, Lisha Xu, Kenna M Shaw, Chie Satou, Shin-ichi Higashijima, Brant M Weinstein and Shawn M Burgess

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2012 12:6

    Content type: Research article

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  16. Multicellularity in cellular slime molds is achieved by aggregation of several hundreds to thousands of cells. In the model slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum, adenosine is known to increase the aggregate size a...

    Authors: Pundrik Jaiswal, Thierry Soldati, Sascha Thewes and Ramamurthy Baskar

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2012 12:5

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Germline stem cells (GSCs) are present in the gonads of Drosophila females and males, and their proper maintenance, as well as their correct differentiation, is essential for fertility and fecundity. The molec...

    Authors: Amy C Cash and Justen Andrews

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2012 12:4

    Content type: Research article

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  18. Cell adhesion, an integral part of D. discoideum development, is important for morphogenesis and regulated gene expression in the multicellular context and is required to trigger cell-differentiation. G-protein l...

    Authors: Hameeda Sultana, Girish Neelakanta, Francisco Rivero, Rosemarie Blau-Wasser, Michael Schleicher and Angelika A Noegel

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2012 12:3

    Content type: Research article

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  19. Kangaroos and wallabies have specialised limbs that allow for their hopping mode of locomotion. The hindlimbs differentiate much later in development but become much larger than the forelimbs. The hindlimb aut...

    Authors: Keng Yih Chew, Hongshi Yu, Andrew J Pask, Geoffrey Shaw and Marilyn B Renfree

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2012 12:2

    Content type: Research article

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  20. The desmosomal cadherins (DCs), desmocollin (Dsc) and desmoglein (Dsg), are the adhesion molecules of desmosomes, intercellular adhesive junctions of epithelia and cardiac muscle. Both the DCs and desmosomes h...

    Authors: Alexander Goonesinghe, Xing-Ming Luan, Adam Hurlstone and David Garrod

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2012 12:1

    Content type: Research article

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    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Developmental Biology 2014 14:13

  21. Hemangioblasts are known as the common precursors for primitive hematopoietic and endothelial lineages. Their existence has been supported mainly by the observation that both cell types develop in close proxim...

    Authors: Vera Teixeira, Natacha Arede, Rui Gardner, Joaquín Rodríguez-León and Ana T Tavares

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2011 11:76

    Content type: Methodology article

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  22. The lung and thyroid are derived from the anterior endoderm. Retinoic acid and Fgf signalling are known to be essential for development of the lung in mouse but little is known on how the lung and thyroid are ...

    Authors: Jean H Wang, Steven J Deimling, Nicole E D'Alessandro, Lin Zhao, Fred Possmayer and Thomas A Drysdale

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2011 11:75

    Content type: Research article

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  23. The molecular mechanism that initiates the formation of the vertebrate central nervous system has long been debated. Studies in Xenopus and mouse demonstrate that inhibition of BMP signaling is sufficient to indu...

    Authors: Crystal D Rogers, George S Ferzli and Elena S Casey

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2011 11:74

    Content type: Research article

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  25. Desert hedgehog (DHH) belongs to the hedgehog gene family that act as secreted intercellular signal transducers. DHH is an essential morphogen for normal testicular development and function in both mice and human...

    Authors: William A O'Hara, Walid J Azar, Richard R Behringer, Marilyn B Renfree and Andrew J Pask

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2011 11:72

    Content type: Research article

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  26. Genetic alterations in human topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A) are linked to cancer susceptibility. TOP2A decatenates chromosomes and thus is necessary for multiple aspects of cell division including DNA replication...

    Authors: Beata Sapetto-Rebow, Sarah C McLoughlin, Lynne C O'Shea, Olivia O'Leary, Jason R Willer, Yolanda Alvarez, Ross Collery, Jacintha O'Sullivan, Freek Van Eeden, Carmel Hensey and Breandán N Kennedy

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2011 11:71

    Content type: Research article

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  27. The molecular mechanisms governing vertebrate appendage regeneration remain poorly understood. Uncovering these mechanisms may lead to novel therapies aimed at alleviating human disfigurement and visible loss ...

    Authors: Nick R Love, Yaoyao Chen, Boyan Bonev, Michael J Gilchrist, Lynne Fairclough, Robert Lea, Timothy J Mohun, Roberto Paredes, Leo AH Zeef and Enrique Amaya

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2011 11:70

    Content type: Research article

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  28. The freshwater planarian Schmidtea mediterranea exhibits two distinct reproductive modes. Individuals of the sexual strain are cross-fertilizing hermaphrodites with reproductive organs that develop post-embryonic...

    Authors: Tracy Chong, Joel M Stary, Yuying Wang and Phillip A Newmark

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2011 11:69

    Content type: Research article

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  29. Neural crest cells (NCCs) are embryonic, multipotent stem cells. Their long-range and precision-guided migration is one of their most striking characteristics. We previously reported that P0-Cre/CAG-CAT-lacZ doub...

    Authors: Minoru Kawakami, Masafumi Umeda, Naomi Nakagata, Toru Takeo and Ken-ichi Yamamura

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2011 11:68

    Content type: Research article

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  30. Progesterone triggers resumption of the first meiotic division in the Rana pipiens oocyte by binding to the N-terminal external loop of the catalytic subunit of Na/K-ATPase, releasing a cascade of lipid second me...

    Authors: Gene A Morrill, Terry L Dowd, Adele B Kostellow and Raj K Gupta

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2011 11:67

    Content type: Research article

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  31. During Drosophila development, titers of the steroid ecdysone trigger and maintain temporal and tissue specific biological transitions. Decades of evidence reveal that the ecdysone response is both unique to spec...

    Authors: Melissa B Davis, Inigo SanGil, Grace Berry, Rashidat Olayokun and Lori H Neves

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2011 11:66

    Content type: Research article

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  32. The T-box transcription factor TBX3 is necessary for early embryonic development and for the normal development of the mammary gland. Homozygous mutations, in mice, are embryonic lethal while heterozygous muta...

    Authors: Jing Liu, Taraneh Esmailpour, Xiying Shang, Gultekin Gulsen, Andy Liu and Taosheng Huang

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2011 11:65

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Identifying DNA sequences (enhancers) that direct the precise spatial and temporal expression of developmental control genes remains a significant challenge in the annotation of vertebrate genomes. Locating th...

    Authors: Sumantra Chatterjee, Guillaume Bourque and Thomas Lufkin

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2011 11:63

    Content type: Research article

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  35. We recently identified Rbm24 as a novel gene expressed during mouse cardiac development. Due to its tightly restricted and persistent expression from formation of the cardiac crescent onwards and later in forming...

    Authors: Samantha Maragh, Ronald A Miller, Seneca L Bessling, David M McGaughey, Marja W Wessels, Bianca de Graaf, Eric A Stone, Aida M Bertoli-Avella, John D Gearhart, Shannon Fisher and Andrew S McCallion

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2011 11:62

    Content type: Research article

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  36. Determining the type and source of cells involved in regenerative processes has been one of the most important goals of researchers in the field of regeneration biology. We have previously used several cellula...

    Authors: José E García-Arrarás, Griselle Valentín-Tirado, Jaime E Flores, Rey J Rosa, Angélica Rivera-Cruz, José E San Miguel-Ruiz and Karen Tossas

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2011 11:61

    Content type: Research article

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  37. Valuable insights into the complex process of retinal vascular development can be gained using models with abnormal retinal vasculature. Two such models are the recently described mouse lines with mutations in La...

    Authors: Malia M Edwards, D Scott McLeod, Rhonda Grebe, Céline Heng, Olivier Lefebvre and Gerard A Lutty

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2011 11:60

    Content type: Research article

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  38. Sox6 is a multi-faceted transcription factor involved in the terminal differentiation of many different cell types in vertebrates. It has been suggested that in mice as well as in zebrafish Sox6 plays a role i...

    Authors: Chung-Il An, Yao Dong and Nobuko Hagiwara

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2011 11:59

    Content type: Research article

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  39. TG-interacting factors (TGIFs) belong to a family of TALE-homeodomain proteins including TGIF1, TGIF2 and TGIFLX/Y in human. Both TGIF1 and TGIF2 act as transcription factors repressing TGF-β signalling. Human TG...

    Authors: Yanqiu Hu, Hongshi Yu, Geoff Shaw, Marilyn B Renfree and Andrew J Pask

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2011 11:58

    Content type: Research article

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  40. Epithelial neoplasias are associated with alterations in cell polarity and excessive cell proliferation, yet how these neoplastic properties are related to one another is still poorly understood. The study of Dro...

    Authors: Karen Doggett, Felix A Grusche, Helena E Richardson and Anthony M Brumby

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2011 11:57

    Content type: Research article

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  41. During liver development, intrahepatic bile ducts are thought to arise by a unique asymmetric mode of cholangiocyte tubulogenesis characterized by a series of remodeling stages. Moreover, in liver diseases, ce...

    Authors: Peter S Vestentoft, Peter Jelnes, Branden M Hopkinson, Ben Vainer, Kjeld Møllgård, Bjørn Quistorff and Hanne C Bisgaard

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2011 11:56

    Content type: Research article

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  42. Rapid advances in genomics have provided nearly complete genome sequences for many different species. However, no matter how the sequencing technology has improved, natural genetic polymorphism complicates the...

    Authors: Irene E Samonte-Padilla, Christophe Eizaguirre, Jörn P Scharsack, Tobias L Lenz and Manfred Milinski

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2011 11:55

    Content type: Methodology article

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  43. Surgical removal of the lens from larval Xenopus laevis results in a rapid transdifferention of central corneal cells to form a new lens. The trigger for this process is understood to be an induction event arisin...

    Authors: Robert C Day and Caroline W Beck

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2011 11:54

    Content type: Research article

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  45. Nkx2.2 and Arx represent key transcription factors implicated in the specification of islet cell subtypes during pancreas development. Mice deficient for Arx do not develop any alpha-cells whereas beta- and delta...

    Authors: Simon Kordowich, Patrick Collombat, Ahmed Mansouri and Palle Serup

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2011 11:52

    Content type: Research article

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  46. Retinoic acid (RA) is important for vertebrate eye morphogenesis and is a regulator of photoreceptor development in the retina. In the zebrafish, RA treatment of postmitotic photoreceptor precursors has been s...

    Authors: Craig B Stevens, David A Cameron and Deborah L Stenkamp

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2011 11:51

    Content type: Research article

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  48. We recently identified a novel oncogene, Cancer-upregulated gene 2 (CUG2), which is essential for kinetochore formation and promotes tumorigenesis in mammalian cells. However, the in vivo function of CUG2 has ...

    Authors: Hyun-Taek Kim, Ju-Hoon So, Seung-Hyun Jung, Dae-Gwon Ahn, Wansoo Koh, Nam-Soon Kim, Soo-Hyun Kim, Soojin Lee and Cheol-Hee Kim

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2011 11:49

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  49. Despite the detailed knowledge obtained over the last decade on the molecular regulation of gastrulation in amniotes, the process of amnion development has been poorly described and illustrated in mice, and co...

    Authors: Paulo NG Pereira, Mariya P Dobreva, Liz Graham, Danny Huylebroeck, Kirstie A Lawson and AN Zwijsen

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2011 11:48

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  50. The development of vertebrate limbs has been a traditional system to study fundamental processes at work during ontogenesis, such as the establishment of spatial cellular coordinates, the effect of diffusible ...

    Authors: Istvan Gyurján, Bernhard Sonderegger, Felix Naef and Denis Duboule

    Citation: BMC Developmental Biology 2011 11:47

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

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